The Impact of Music Education in the Knowledge-based Society and Economy (IMPACTMUS) is a 3-year research project carried out by 18 researchers from different Spanish universities, funded by the Ministry of Economy (EDU2014-58066-P). The PI is Prof. José Luis Aróstegui (University of Granada) and we are three researchers at the UCM, at the Department of Music and Physical Education, working in it: Dr. Roberto Cremades (Associate Head of the Department), Dr. Albina Cuadrado, and myself (Dr. Gabriel Rusinek).The aim of the project is to contribute to determine the place of the school music education as part of the core curriculum to achieve the citizens' challenges of the knowledge society, as well as the professional challenges of the new knowledge-based economy we are heading to. Thus, the general goal of this project is to produce research based knowledge to determine the impact that music education in compulsory education has had over the last decades in Spain, as well as to document its possible contribution so that both the education system and the youngsters educated in this system face the challenges of both the knowledge society and the knowledge economy. In order to respond to these two issues, that is, both the impact that music education has had, and the one that could have, we develop a project to study Music Education in Primary and Secondary Education, with a mixed-method research design.